HomeMy WebLinkAboutF - ITB #24-06 Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons at Sebastian Municipal Airport Addendum 2Page 1 of 4
ADDENDUM NO. 2
March 18, 2024
ITB 24-06 Rehabilitation of Asphalt Aprons at Sebastian Municipal Airport
The original Invitation to Bid shall remain in full force and effect, except as modified herein, which shall take
precedence over any contrary provisions in the prior documents.
This addendum is being issued to address questions received.
SECTION 1: QUESTIONS
1. Question: Will the City of Sebastian keep the millings?
Answer: No. The contractor will be responsible for hauling the millings offsite.
2. Question: The bid price sheet state to remove 1” to 4.2”. What is the minimum base thickness?
Answer: Geotechnical testing was not conducted before bidding. The contractor is allowed to conduct
one boring test per apron before commencing construction. The expenses related to these borings are
considered incidental to the overall project cost. The average base removal for both north and south
aprons ranges from 1.6 to 2.2 inches. Within the Runway 10-28 object-free area (ROFA), full-depth
pavement removal necessitates a base removal of 4.2 inches with a total approximate area of 389
square yards.
3. Question: What is the P-401 Specs we are to use?
Answer: See Section III, Attachments.
4. Question: What is the minimum required base thickness beneath proposed new asphalt?
Answer: As indicated in the Plans, 12” (Two Equal 6” lifts)
5. Question: What is the depth of the existing base material?
Answer: The City does not have this information. Geotechnical test have not been conducted.
6. Question: There is no pay item for the 2 (6” lifts) of rock being placed in the widening area at the
hanger entrance. How will this be paid?
Answers: That rock/base material comes from the 33' removal area, and/or on-site at the airport.
7. Question: There has been no adjustment to asphalt quantity. The current quantity stated on the bid
form does not reflect the widening at the hanger entrance. How will this item be paid?
Answers: The total Area to be paved (3” with P401 or SP-12.5) is approximately 6,682 SY. The 1,125
ton of asphalt provided in the Bid form is enough to cover the widening of the hangar entrance. The
approximate SF of the hangar widening is: North Apron: 32,480 SF, South Apron: 24,651 SF, Driveway:
902 SF, Driveway: 843 SF, Tie-Ins: 1,262 SF.
Finance Department
Procurement Division
1225 Main Street
Sebastian, FL 32958
(772) 388-8231
Page 2 of 4
8. Question: In the plans, it does indicate for us to strip 5” of grass and 10” of existing soil at the hanger
driveway widening. However, I know as we discussed at the pre-bid meeting that this activity will be
done by airport personnel. This needs to be stated, so everyone is bidding the same thing.
An swer: Please adhere to plans and price accordingly. City staff will not be completing any work.
9. Question: In the plans it states both phases should be complete in a 14 day period. Yet the contract
documents indicate substantial completion within 180 days, please clarify.
Answer: Please see Section II: Revision/Clarifications to Solicitation
10. Question: Will there be any erosion control required for this project?
Answer: No
11. Question: Are the millings to remain onsite or is the contractor required to haul them offsite?
Answer: The contractor will be responsible for hauling the millings offsite.
12. Question: On sheet C2.2 of the plans, Taxi Drive Pavement Typical Section. Are we to assume
existing material will meet the LBR 40 requirement? Or will this material need to modified to meet these
requirements?
Answer: Contractor to Achieve Min. LBR-40 & Compact 8” of exist, SG to obtain Min. 95% modified
proctor per AASHTO T180. All associated cost shall be incidental to the whole cost of the project.
SECTION II: REVISION/CLARIFICATIONS TO SOLICITATION
Page 5, section 1.1, Scope of Work, has been revised to read:
1.1 SCOPE OF WORK
The City of Sebastian proposes the rehabilitation of existing aprons to improve pavement
conditions at the Sebastian Municipal Airport located at 202 Airport Drive E, Sebastian, FL
32958. The pavement condition is a 0 PCI, and requires the removal of asphalt before
conditions on the pavement surface worsen. The aprons are approximately 110 feet long and
290 feet wide and 110 feet long and 225 feet wide. The smaller apron (110 feet long and 225
feet wide) will include approximately 1500 SF placed to sides of an existing concrete drive, after
soil removal and base prep. The asphalt pavement shows severe pavement distresses including
alligator cracks, broken asphalt pieces that have started raveling, and longitudinal cracks. The
surface is oxidized raveling and leading to a rough surface with FOD from loose aggregates.
New asphalt pavement will allow for the correction of any deficiencies in the apron grade and
provide a new pavement surface free of rutting and loose aggregate. This will extend the usable
life of the existing apron pavement and provide a surface meeting or exceeding FAA grading
requirements. The project consists of providing all labor, materials, and equipment at the
Sebastian Municipal Airport (X26) to rehabilitate the apron areas.
Section 1.1, Scope of Work, has been amended to add section 1.3
1.3 BID BOND
1.3.1 Bid Security shall be submitted and shall be made payable to City of Sebastian, in an
amount of not less than five percent (5%) of the Bid price and in the form of a certified
or cashier’s check or a Bid Bond (Reference Bid Bond Form included herein). The Bid
Page 3 of 4
Bond shall be issued by a surety company who is licensed and holds a current certificate
to conduct business in the State of Florida. Personal checks are not acceptable.
1.3.2 The Bid Security of the successful Bidder will be retained until such Bidder has executed
the agreement and furnished the required Payment and Performance Bonds, whereupon
the Bid Security will be returned. If the successful Bidder fails to furnish the qualifications
submittals or fails to execute and deliver the agreement and furnish the required Bonds
within fifteen (15) days of the Notice of Award, the City may annul the Notice of Award and
the Bid Security of that Bidder will be forfeited. The Bid Security of any Bidder whom the
City believes to have a reasonable chance of receiving the award may be retained by the
City until the ninety-first (91st) day after the Bid Opening. Bid Security of other Bidders will
be returned approximately ten (10) days after the Bid Opening.
Page 19, Section 3.4, Timeline/Schedule, has been revised to read:
3.4 TIMELINE / SCHEDULE
This bid will result in a single agreement for completion of the scope of work within thirty days
(30) days from the date indicated in the Notice to Proceed (NTP). Estimated start date is May 1,
2024. The City reserves the right to extend these dates, at its sole discretion. The City seeks a
contractor that will provide timely completion and adhere to the agreed upon schedule.
This project will be funded via State and City of Sebastian funds only.
SECTION III: ATTACHMENTS
BID BOND
P-401 ASPHALT MIX PAVEMENT SPECIFICATIONS
Page 4 of 4
Sincerely,
Jessica Graham, CPPB
Procurement/Contracts Manager
Acknowledgment of Addendum No. 2 by Contractor
The Respondent hereby acknowledges receipt of the following Addendum:
This addendum shall be completed and signed by an authorized representative and returned with the
solicitation submittal. The Acknowledgement of the Addendum receipt will become an integral part of the
solicitation document. In acknowledging receipt of this Addendum, the undersigned understands and accepts
the foregoing solicitation changes and clarifications.
All other bid terms, conditions, and specifications as originally issued remain unchanged
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
Printed Name Signature
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
Title Date
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons at Sebastian Municipal Airport ITB #24-06
BID BOND
KNOWN ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that we _________________________ (hereinafter called
Principal) and _________________________ (hereinafter called the Surety) a corporation chartered and
existing under the Laws of the State of _________________________ with its principal offices in the City of
_________________________ and authorized to do business in the State of Florida, in the full and just sums
of ____________ Dollars ($____________) good and lawful money of the United States of America, to be paid
upon demand of the City of Sebastian, Florida to which payment will and truly be made, we bind ourselves, our
heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns, jointly and severally and firm these presents.
WHEREAS, the Principal has submitted to the City of Sebastian, Florida, a bid for Rehabilitation of Alpha
Aprons at Sebastian Municipal Airport, ITB #24-06, and
WHEREAS, the Principal desires to file this bond in accordance with law, in lieu of a certified cashier’s check
or otherwise required to accompany this Bid, and
WHEREAS, the City requires a financial statement of the Surety Company to be included as a part, of
this contract and the Surety Company must appear on the Treasury Department’s most current list
(Circular 570 as amended).
NOW, THEREFORE: the conditions of this obligation are such that if the Bid is accepted, the Principal shall,
within fifteen (15) days after the receipt of notification of the acceptance thereof, execute a contract in
accordance with the Bid and upon the terms and condition of such Bid, in the form and manner required by the
City, and execute a sufficient and satisfactory Public Construction Bond or separate Payment and Performance
Bonds payable to the City, in an amount not less than the total contract price, as indicated by the approximate
quantities shown in the Bid, in form and with security satisfactory to the City, then this obligation to be void;
otherwise to be and remain in full force and virtue in law; and the surety shall, upon the failure of the Principal
to comply with any or all of the foreg oing requirements within the time specified above, immediately pay to the
aforesaid City upon demand, the amount hereof in good and lawful money of the United States of America, not
as a penalty, but as liquidated damages.
IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, the Principal and Surety have caused these presents to be duly signed and
sealed this ______ day of ___________________, 202___.
ATTEST: PRINCIPAL:
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
Name and Title Name and Title
ATTEST: SURETY:
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
Name and Title Name and Title
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-1 Technical Specs
at Sebastian Municipal Airport Asphalt Mix Pavement
Item P-401 Asphalt Mix Pavement
DESCRIPTION
401-1.1 This item shall consist of pavement courses composed of mineral aggregate and asphalt binder
mixed in a central mixing plant and placed on a prepared base or stabilized course in accordance with these
specifications and shall conform to the lines, grades, thicknesses, and typical cross-sections shown on the
plans. Each course shall be constructed to the depth, typical section, and elevation required by the plans
and shall be rolled, finished, and approved before the placement of the next course.
MATERIALS
401-2.1 Aggregate. Aggregates shall consist of crushed stone, crushed gravel, crushed slag, screenings,
natural sand, and mineral filler, as required. The aggregates should have no known history of detrimental
pavement staining due to ferrous sulfides, such as pyrite. Coarse aggregate is the material retained on the
No. 4 (4.75 mm) sieve. Fine aggregate is the material passing the No. 4 (4.75 mm) sieve.
a. Coarse aggregate. Coarse aggregate shall consist of sound, tough, durable particles, free from films
of matter that would prevent thorough coating and bonding with the asphalt material and free from organic
matter and other deleterious substances. Coarse aggregate material requirements are given in the table
below.
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-2 Technical Specs
at Sebastian Municipal Airport Asphalt Mix Pavement
Coarse Aggregate Material Requirements
Material Test Requirement Standard
Resistance to Degradation Loss: 40% maximum ASTM C131
Soundness of Aggregates
by Use of Sodium Sulfate or
Magnesium Sulfate
Loss after 5 cycles:
12% maximum using Sodium sulfate - or -
18% maximum using magnesium sulfate
ASTM C88
Clay lumps and friable
particles
1.0 % maximum ASTM C142
Percentage of Fractured
Particles
For pavements designed for aircraft gross weights of
60,000 pounds (27200 kg) or more:
Minimum 75% by weight of particles with at least two
fractured faces and 85% with at least one fractured
face1
ASTM D5821
For pavements designed for aircraft gross weights less
than 60,000 pounds (27200 kg):
Minimum 50% by weight of particles with at least two
fractured faces and 65% with at least one fractured
face1
Flat, Elongated, or Flat and
Elongated Particles
8% maximum, by weight, of flat, elongated, or flat and
elongated particles at 5:1 2
ASTM D4791
Bulk density of slag 3 Weigh not less than 70 pounds per cubic foot (1.12
Mg/cubic meter)
ASTM C29.
1 The area of each face shall be equal to at least 75% of the smallest mid-sectional area of the piece. When two
fractured faces are contiguous, the angle between the planes of fractures shall be at least 30 degrees to count as
two fractured faces.
2 A flat particle is one having a ratio of width to thickness greater than five (5); an elongated particle is one having
a ratio of length to width greater than five (5).
3 Only required if slag is specified.
b. Fine aggregate. Fine aggregate shall consist of clean, sound, tough, durable, angular shaped particles
produced by crushing stone, slag, or gravel and shall be free from coatings of clay, silt, or other
objectionable matter. Natural (non-manufactured) sand may be used to obtain the gradation of the fine
aggregate blend or to improve the workability of the mix. Fine aggregate material requirements are listed
in the table below.
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-3 Technical Specs
at Sebastian Municipal Airport Asphalt Mix Pavement
Fine Aggregate Material Requirements
Material Test Requirement Standard
Liquid limit 25 maximum ASTM D4318
Plasticity Index 4 maximum ASTM D4318
Soundness of Aggregates
by Use of Sodium Sulfate or
Magnesium Sulfate
Loss after 5 cycles:
10% maximum using Sodium sulfate - or -
15% maximum using magnesium sulfate
ASTM C88
Clay lumps and friable
particles
1.0% maximum ASTM C142
Sand equivalent 45 minimum ASTM D2419
[ Natural Sand 0% to 15% maximum by weight of total
aggregate
ASTM D1073
c. Sampling. ASTM D75 shall be used in sampling coarse and fine aggregate.
401-2.2 Mineral filler. Mineral filler (baghouse fines) may be added in addition to material naturally
present in the aggregate. Mineral filler shall meet the requirements of ASTM D242.
Mineral Filler Requirements
Material Test Requirement Standard
Plasticity Index 4 maximum ASTM D4318
401-2.3 Asphalt binder. Asphalt binder shall conform to ASTM D6373 Performance Grade (PG) 67-22.
Asphalt Binder PG Plus Test Requirements
Material Test Requirement Standard
Elastic Recovery 75% minimum ASTM D60841
1 Follow procedure B on RTFO aged binder.
401-2.4 Anti-stripping agent. Any anti-stripping agent or additive (anti-strip) shall be heat stable and shall
not change the asphalt binder grade beyond specifications. Anti-strip shall be an approved material of the
Department of Transportation of the State in which the project is located.
COMPOSITION
401-3.1 Composition of mixture(s). The asphalt mix shall be composed of a mixture of aggregates, filler
and anti-strip agent if required, and asphalt binder. The aggregate fractions shall be sized, handled in
separate size groups, and combined in such proportions that the resulting mixture meets the grading
requirements of the job mix formula (JMF).
401-3.2 Job mix formula (JMF) laboratory. The laboratory used to develop the JMF shall possess a
current certificate of accreditation, listing D3666 from a national accrediting authority and all test methods
required for developing the JMF; and be listed on the accrediting authority’s website. A copy of the
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-4 Technical Specs
at Sebastian Municipal Airport Asphalt Mix Pavement
laboratory’s current accreditation and accredited test methods shall be submitted to the Resident Project
Representative (RPR) prior to start of construction.
401-3.3 Job mix formula (JMF). No asphalt mixture shall be placed until an acceptable mix design has
been submitted to the RPR for review and accepted in writing. The RPR’s review shall not relieve the
Contractor of the responsibility to select and proportion the materials to comply with this section.
When the project requires asphalt mixtures of differing aggregate gradations and/or binders, a separate JMF
shall be submitted for each mix. Add anti-stripping agent to meet tensile strength requirements.
The JMF shall be prepared by an accredited laboratory that meets the requirements of paragraph 401-3.2.
The asphalt mixture shall be designed using procedures contained in Asphalt Institute MS-2 Mix Design
Manual, 7th Edition. [ Samples shall be prepared and compacted using a Marshall
compactor in accordance with ASTM D6926. ] Samples shall be prepared and compacted
using the gyratory compactor in accordance with ASTM D6925.
Should a change in sources of materials be made, a new JMF must be submitted to the RPR for review
and accepted in writing before the new material is used. After the initial production JMF has been
approved by the RPR and a new or modified JMF is required for whatever reason, the subsequent cost of
the new or modified JMF, including a new control strip when required by the RPR, will be borne by the
Contractor.
The RPR may request samples at any time for testing, prior to and during production, to verify the quality
of the materials and to ensure conformance with the applicable specifications.
The JMF shall be submitted in writing by the Contractor at least 30 days prior to the start of paving
operations. The JMF shall be developed within the same construction season using aggregates proposed
for project use.
The JMF shall be dated, and stamped or sealed by the responsible professional Engineer of the laboratory
and shall include the following items as a minimum:
• Manufacturer’s Certificate of Analysis (COA) for the asphalt binder used in the JMF in
accordance with paragraph 401-2.3. Certificate of asphalt performance grade is with modifier
already added, if used and must indicate compliance with ASTM D6373. For plant modified
asphalt binder, certified test report indicating grade certification of modified asphalt binder.
• Manufacturer’s Certificate of Analysis (COA) for the anti-stripping agent if used in the JMF in
accordance with paragraph 401-2.4.
• Certified material test reports for the course and fine aggregate and mineral filler in accordance
with paragraphs 401-2.1.
• Percent passing each sieve size for individual gradation of each aggregate cold feed and/or hot
bin; percent by weight of each cold feed and/or hot bin used; and the total combined gradation in
the JMF.
• Specific Gravity and absorption of each coarse and fine aggregate.
• Percent natural sand.
• Percent fractured faces.
• Percent by weight of flat particles, elongated particles, and flat and elongated particles (and
criteria).
• Percent of asphalt.
• Number of blows or gyrations
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-5 Technical Specs
at Sebastian Municipal Airport Asphalt Mix Pavement
• Laboratory mixing and compaction temperatures.
• Supplier-recommended field mixing and compaction temperatures.
• Plot of the combined gradation on a 0.45 power gradation curve.
• Graphical plots of air voids, voids in the mineral aggregate (VMA), and unit weight versus
asphalt content. To achieve minimum VMA during production, the mix design needs to account
for material breakdown during production.
• Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR).
• Type and amount of Anti-strip agent when used.
• Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA) results.
• Date the JMF was developed. Mix designs that are not dated or which are from a prior
construction season shall not be accepted.
• [ Percentage and properties (asphalt content, asphalt binder
properties, and aggregate properties) of reclaimed asphalt mix
pavement (RAP) in accordance with paragraph 401-3.4. ]
• [ ]
Table 1. Asphalt Design Criteria
Test Property Value Test Method
Number of blows or gyrations 75
Air voids (%) 3.5 ASTM D3203
Percent voids in mineral
aggregate (VMA), minimum See Table 2 ASTM D6995
Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR)1 not less than 80 at a saturation of
70-80%
ASTM D4867
[Asphalt Pavement Analyzer
(APA)2,3]
[Less than 10 mm @ 4000
passes ]
[AASHTO T340 at 250 psi hose
pressure at 64°C test
temperature]
1 Test specimens for TSR shall be compacted at 7 ± 1.0 % air voids. In areas subject to freeze-thaw, use
freeze-thaw conditioning in lieu of moisture conditioning per ASTM D4867.
2 AASHTO T340 at 100 psi hose pressure at 64°C test temperature may be used in the interim. If this method
is used the required Value shall be less than 5 mm @ 8000 passes
3 Where APA not available , use Hamburg Wheel test (AASHTO T-324) 10mm @ 20,000 passes at 50°C.
The mineral aggregate shall be of such size that the percentage composition by weight, as determined by
laboratory sieves, will conform to the gradation or gradations specified in Table 2 when tested in accordance
with ASTM C136 and ASTM C117.
The gradations in Table 2 represent the limits that shall determine the suitability of aggregate for use from
the sources of supply; be well graded from coarse to fine and shall not vary from the low limit on one sieve
to the high limit on the adjacent sieve, or vice versa.
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-6 Technical Specs
at Sebastian Municipal Airport Asphalt Mix Pavement
Table 2. Aggregate - Asphalt Pavements
Sieve Size Percentage by Weight
Passing Sieve
1 inch (25.0 mm) --
3/4 inch (19.0 mm) 100
1/2 inch (12.5 mm) 90-100
3/8 inch (9.5 mm) 72-88
No. 4 (4.75 mm) 53-73
No. 8 (2.36 mm) 38-60
No. 16 (1.18 mm) 26-48
No. 30 (600 µm) 18-38
No. 50 (300 µm) 11-27
No. 100 (150 µm) 6-18
No. 200 (75 µm) 3-6
Minimum Voids in Mineral Aggregate (VMA)1 15.0
Asphalt Percent:
Stone or gravel 5.0-7.5
Slag 6.5-9.5
Recommended Minimum Construction Lift Thickness 2 inch
1To achieve minimum VMA during production, the mix design needs to account for material
breakdown during production.
The aggregate gradations shown are based on aggregates of uniform specific gravity. The percentages
passing the various sieves shall be corrected when aggregates of varying specific gravities are used, as
indicated in the Asphalt Institute MS-2 Mix Design Manual, 7th Edition.
401-3.4 Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). RAP shall not be used. [ Reclaimed asphalt shall
consist of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, mineral filler, and asphalt.
The RAP shall be of a consistent gradation and asphalt content and properties. When RAP is fed into the
plant, the maximum RAP size shall not exceed one inch (25 mm). The reclaimed asphalt pavement mix
shall be designed using procedures contained in the Asphalt Institute MS-2 Mix Design Manual, 7th
Edition. The percentage of asphalt in the RAP shall be established for the mixture design according to
ASTM D2172 using the appropriate dust correction procedure. The JMF shall meet the requirements of
paragraph 401-3.3. RAP shall only be used for shoulder surface course mixes and for any intermediate
courses. The amount of RAP shall be limited to [ ] percent. In addition to the
requirements of paragraph 401-3.3, the JMF shall indicate the percent
of reclaimed asphalt pavement and the percent and grade of new asphalt
binder. For the PG graded asphalt binder selected in 401-2.3, adjust
as follows:
a. For 0-20% RAP, there is no change in virgin asphalt binder
content.
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-7 Technical Specs
at Sebastian Municipal Airport Asphalt Mix Pavement
b. For >20 to 30% RAP, select asphalt binder one grade softer, i.e.,
PG 64-22 would soften to PG 58-28.
RAP containing Coal Tar shall not be used. Coal Tar surface
treatments must be removed prior to recycling underlying asphalt
material.
Recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) shall not be used. ]
401-3.5 Control Strip. [ A control strip is not required. ] Full production shall not
begin until an acceptable control strip has been constructed and accepted in writing by the RPR. The
Contractor shall prepare and place a quantity of asphalt according to the JMF. The underlying grade or
pavement structure upon which the control strip is to be constructed shall be the same as the remainder of
the course represented by the control strip.
The Contractor will not be allowed to place the control strip until the Contractor quality control program
(CQCP), showing conformance with the requirements of paragraph 401-5.1, has been accepted, in
writing, by the RPR.
The control strip will consist of at least 250 tons or 1/2 sublot, whichever is greater. The control strip
shall be placed in two lanes of the same width and depth to be used in production with a longitudinal cold
joint. The cold joint must be cut back in accordance with paragraph 401-4.14 using the same procedure
that will be used during production. The cold joint for the control strip will be an exposed construction
joint at least four (4) hours old or when the mat has cooled to less than 160°F (71°C). The equipment used
in construction of the control strip shall be the same type, configuration and weight to be used on the
project.
The control strip will be considered acceptable by the RPR if the gradation, asphalt content, and VMA are
within the action limits specified in paragraph 401-5.5a; and Mat density greater than or equal to 94.5%,
air voids 3.5% +/- 1%, and joint density greater than or equal to 92.5%.
If the control strip is unacceptable, necessary adjustments to the JMF, plant operation, placing procedures,
and/or rolling procedures shall be made and another control strip shall be placed. Unacceptable control
strips shall be removed at the Contractor’s expense.
The control strip will be considered one lot for payment based upon the average of a minimum of 3
samples (no sublots required for control strip). Payment will only be made for an acceptable control strip
in accordance with paragraph 401-8.1 using a lot pay factor equal to 100.
CONSTRUCTION METHODS
401-4.1 Weather limitations. The asphalt shall not be placed upon a wet surface or when the surface
temperature of the underlying course is less than specified in Table 4. The temperature requirements may
be waived by the RPR, if requested; however, all other requirements including compaction shall be met.
Table 4. Surface Temperature Limitations of Underlying Course
Mat Thickness Base Temperature (Minimum)
°F °C
3 inches or greater 40 1 4
Greater than 2 inches
but less than 3 inches 45 7
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-8 Technical Specs
at Sebastian Municipal Airport Asphalt Mix Pavement
401-4.2 Asphalt plant. Plants used for the preparation of asphalt shall conform to the requirements of
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) M156 including the
following items.
a. Inspection of plant. The RPR, or RPR’s authorized representative, shall have access, at all times, to
all areas of the plant for checking adequacy of equipment; inspecting operation of the plant: verifying
weights, proportions, and material properties; and checking the temperatures maintained in the preparation
of the mixtures.
b. Storage bins and surge bins. The asphalt mixture stored in storage and/or surge bins shall meet the
same requirements as asphalt mixture loaded directly into trucks. Asphalt mixture shall not be stored in
storage and/or surge bins for a period greater than twelve (12) hours. If the RPR determines there is an
excessive heat loss, segregation, or oxidation of the asphalt mixture due to temporary storage, temporary
storage shall not be allowed.
401-4.3 Aggregate stockpile management. Aggregate stockpiles shall be constructed in a manner that
prevents segregation and intermixing of deleterious materials. Aggregates from different sources shall be
stockpiled, weighed and batched separately at the asphalt batch plant. Aggregates that have become
segregated or mixed with earth or foreign material shall not be used.
A continuous supply of materials shall be provided to the work to ensure continuous placement.
401-4.4 Hauling equipment. Trucks used for hauling asphalt shall have tight, clean, and smooth metal
beds. To prevent the asphalt from sticking to the truck beds, the truck beds shall be lightly coated with a
minimum amount of paraffin oil, lime solution, or other material approved by the RPR. Petroleum products
shall not be used for coating truck beds. Each truck shall have a suitable cover to protect the mixture from
adverse weather. When necessary, to ensure that the mixture will be delivered to the site at the specified
temperature, truck beds shall be insulated or heated and covers shall be securely fastened.
401-4.4.1 Material transfer vehicle (MTV). Material transfer vehicles used to transfer the material from
the hauling equipment to the paver, shall use a self-propelled, material transfer vehicle with a swing
conveyor that can deliver material to the paver without making contact with the paver. The MTV shall be
able to move back and forth between the hauling equipment and the paver providing material transfer to
the paver, while allowing the paver to operate at a constant speed. The Material Transfer Vehicle will
have remixing and storage capability to prevent physical and thermal segregation. [ Material
transfer vehicles are not required.]
401-4.5 Asphalt pavers. Asphalt pavers shall be self-propelled with an activated heated screed, capable
of spreading and finishing courses of asphalt that will meet the specified thickness, smoothness, and
grade. The paver shall have sufficient power to propel itself and the hauling equipment without adversely
affecting the finished surface. The asphalt paver shall be equipped with a control system capable of
automatically maintaining the specified screed grade and elevation.
If the spreading and finishing equipment in use leaves tracks or indented areas, or produces other
blemishes in the pavement that are not satisfactorily corrected by the scheduled operations, the use of
such equipment shall be discontinued.
The paver shall be capable of paving to a minimum width specified in paragraph 401-4.12.
401-4.6 Rollers. The number, type, and weight of rollers shall be sufficient to compact the asphalt to the
required density while it is still in a workable condition without crushing of the aggregate, depressions or
other damage to the pavement surface. Rollers shall be in good condition, clean, and capable of operating
at slow speeds to avoid displacement of the asphalt. All rollers shall be specifically designed and suitable
for compacting asphalt concrete and shall be properly used. Rollers that impair the stability of any layer
of a pavement structure or underlying soils shall not be used.
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-9 Technical Specs
at Sebastian Municipal Airport Asphalt Mix Pavement
401-4.7 Density device. The Contractor shall have on site a density gauge during all paving operations in
order to assist in the determination of the optimum rolling pattern, type of roller and frequencies, as well
as to monitor the effect of the rolling operations during production paving. The Contractor shall supply a
qualified technician during all paving operations to calibrate the gauge and obtain accurate density
readings for all new asphalt. These densities shall be supplied to the RPR upon request at any time during
construction. No separate payment will be made for supplying the density gauge and technician.
401-4.8 Preparation of asphalt binder. The asphalt binder shall be heated in a manner that will avoid
local overheating and provide a continuous supply of the asphalt binder to the mixer at a uniform
temperature. The temperature of unmodified asphalt binder delivered to the mixer shall be sufficient to
provide a suitable viscosity for adequate coating of the aggregate particles, but shall not exceed 325°F
(160°C) when added to the aggregate. The temperature of modified asphalt binder shall be no more than
350°F (175°C) when added to the aggregate.
401-4.9 Preparation of mineral aggregate. The aggregate for the asphalt shall be heated and dried. The
maximum temperature and rate of heating shall be such that no damage occurs to the aggregates. The
temperature of the aggregate and mineral filler shall not exceed 350°F (175°C) when the asphalt binder is
added. Particular care shall be taken that aggregates high in calcium or magnesium content are not
damaged by overheating. The temperature shall not be lower than is required to obtain complete coating
and uniform distribution on the aggregate particles and to provide a mixture of satisfactory workability.
401-4.10 Preparation of Asphalt mixture. The aggregates and the asphalt binder shall be weighed or
metered and mixed in the amount specified by the JMF. The combined materials shall be mixed until the
aggregate obtains a uniform coating of asphalt binder and is thoroughly distributed throughout the
mixture. Wet mixing time shall be the shortest time that will produce a satisfactory mixture, but not less
than 25 seconds for batch plants. The wet mixing time for all plants shall be established by the Contractor,
based on the procedure for determining the percentage of coated particles described in ASTM D2489, for
each individual plant and for each type of aggregate used. The wet mixing time will be set to achieve 95%
of coated particles. For continuous mix plants, the minimum mixing time shall be determined by dividing
the weight of its contents at operating level by the weight of the mixture delivered per second by the
mixer. The moisture content of all asphalt upon discharge shall not exceed 0.5%.
401-4.11 Application of Prime and Tack Coat. Immediately before placing the asphalt mixture, the
underlying course shall be cleaned of all dust and debris.
A prime coat in accordance with Item P-602 shall be applied to aggregate base prior to placing the asphalt
mixture.
A tack coat shall be applied in accordance with Item P-603 to all vertical and horizontal asphalt and
concrete surfaces prior to placement of the first and each subsequent lift of asphalt mixture.
401-4.12 Laydown plan, transporting, placing, and finishing. Prior to the placement of the asphalt, the
Contractor shall prepare a laydown plan with the sequence of paving lanes and width to minimize the
number of cold joints; the location of any temporary ramps; laydown temperature; and estimated time of
completion for each portion of the work (milling, paving, rolling, cooling, etc.). The laydown plan and
any modifications shall be approved by the RPR.
Deliveries shall be scheduled so that placing and compacting of asphalt is uniform with minimum
stopping and starting of the paver. Hauling over freshly placed material shall not be permitted until the
material has been compacted, as specified, and allowed to cool to approximately ambient temperature.
The Contractor, at their expense, shall be responsible for repair of any damage to the pavement caused by
hauling operations.
Contractor shall survey each lift of asphalt surface course and certify to RPR that every lot of each lift
meets the grade tolerances of paragraph 401-6.2d before the next lift can be placed.
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-10 Technical Specs
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Edges of existing asphalt pavement abutting the new work shall be saw cut and the cut off material and
laitance removed. Apply a tack coat in accordance with P-603 before new asphalt material is placed against
it.
The speed of the paver shall be regulated to eliminate pulling and tearing of the asphalt mat. Placement of
the asphalt mix shall begin along the centerline of a crowned section or on the high side of areas with a one
way slope unless shown otherwise on the laydown plan as accepted by the RPR. The asphalt mix shall be
placed in consecutive adjacent lanes having a minimum width of 15 feet except where edge lanes require
less width to complete the area. Additional screed sections attached to widen the paver to meet the
minimum lane width requirements must include additional auger sections to move the asphalt mixture
uniformly along the screed extension.
The longitudinal joint in one course shall offset the longitudinal joint in the course immediately below by
at least one foot (30 cm); however, the joint in the surface top course shall be at the centerline of crowned
pavements. Transverse joints in one course shall be offset by at least 10 feet (3 m) from transverse joints in
the previous course. Transverse joints in adjacent lanes shall be offset a minimum of 10 feet (3 m).On areas
where irregularities or unavoidable obstacles make the use of mechanical spreading and finishing
equipment impractical, the asphalt may be spread and luted by hand tools.
The RPR may at any time, reject any batch of asphalt, on the truck or placed in the mat, which is rendered
unfit for use due to contamination, segregation, incomplete coating of aggregate, or overheated asphalt
mixture. Such rejection may be based on only visual inspection or temperature measurements. In the event
of such rejection, the Contractor may take a representative sample of the rejected material in the presence
of the RPR, and if it can be demonstrated in the laboratory, in the presence of the RPR, that such material
was erroneously rejected, payment will be made for the material at the contract unit price.
Areas of segregation in the surface course, as determined by the RPR, shall be removed and replaced at the
Contractor’s expense. The area shall be removed by saw cutting and milling a minimum of the construction
lift thickness as specified in paragraph 401-3.3, Table 2 for the approved mix design. The area to be
removed and replaced shall be a minimum width of the paver and a minimum of 10 feet (3 m) long.
401-4.13 Compaction of asphalt mixture. After placing, the asphalt mixture shall be thoroughly and
uniformly compacted by self-propelled rollers. The surface shall be compacted as soon as possible when
the asphalt has attained sufficient stability so that the rolling does not cause undue displacement, cracking
or shoving. The sequence of rolling operations and the type of rollers used shall be at the discretion of the
Contractor. The speed of the roller shall, at all times, be sufficiently slow to avoid displacement of the hot
mixture and be effective in compaction. Any surface defects and/or displacement occurring as a result of
the roller, or from any other cause, shall be corrected at the Contractor’s expense.
Sufficient rollers shall be furnished to handle the output of the plant. Rolling shall continue until the surface
is of uniform texture, true to grade and cross-section, and the required field density is obtained. To prevent
adhesion of the asphalt to the roller, the wheels shall be equipped with a scraper and kept moistened with
water as necessary.
In areas not accessible to the roller, the mixture shall be thoroughly compacted with approved power
tampers.
Any asphalt that becomes loose and broken, mixed with dirt, contains check-cracking, or in any way
defective shall be removed and replaced with fresh hot mixture and immediately compacted to conform to
the surrounding area. This work shall be done at the Contractor’s expense. Skin patching shall not be
allowed.
401-4.14 Joints. The formation of all joints shall be made to ensure a continuous bond between the
courses and obtain the required density. All joints shall have the same texture as other sections of the
course and meet the requirements for smoothness and grade.
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The roller shall not pass over the unprotected end of the freshly laid asphalt except when necessary to form
a transverse joint. When necessary to form a transverse joint, it shall be made by means of placing a
bulkhead or by tapering the course. The tapered edge shall be cut back to its full depth and width on a
straight line to expose a vertical face prior to placing the adjacent lane. In both methods, all contact surfaces
shall be coated with an asphalt tack coat before placing any fresh asphalt against the joint.
Longitudinal joints which have been left exposed for more than four (4) hours; the surface temperature has
cooled to less than 175°F (80°C); or are irregular, damaged, uncompacted or otherwise defective shall be
cut back with a cutting wheel or pavement saw a maximum of 3 inches (75 mm) to expose a clean, sound,
uniform vertical surface for the full depth of the course. All cutback material and any laitance produced
from cutting joints shall be removed from the project. Asphalt tack coat in accordance with P-603 shall be
applied to the clean, dry joint prior to placing any additional fresh asphalt against the joint. The cost of this
work shall be considered incidental to the cost of the asphalt.
401-4.15 Saw-cut grooving. Saw-cut grooves shall be provided as specified in Item P-621. Saw-cut
grooving is not required.
401-4.16 Diamond grinding. Diamond grinding shall be completed prior to pavement grooving. Diamond
grinding shall be accomplished by sawing with saw blades impregnated with industrial diamond abrasive.
Diamond grinding shall be performed with a machine designed specifically for diamond grinding capable
of cutting a path at least 3 feet (0.9 m) wide. The saw blades shall be 1/8-inch (3-mm) wide with a sufficient
number of blades to create grooves between 0.090 and 0.130 inches (2 and 3.5 mm) wide; and peaks and
ridges approximately 1/32 inch (1 mm) higher than the bottom of the grinding cut. The actual number of
blades will be determined by the Contractor and depend on the hardness of the aggregate. Equipment or
grinding procedures that cause ravels, aggregate fractures, spalls or disturbance to the pavement will not be
permitted. Contractor shall demonstrate to the RPR that the grinding equipment will produce satisfactory
results prior to making corrections to surfaces. Grinding will be tapered in all directions to provide smooth
transitions to areas not requiring grinding. The slurry resulting from the grinding operation shall be
continuously removed and the pavement left in a clean condition. The Contractor shall apply a surface
treatment per P-608 to all areas that have been subject to grinding.
401-4.17 Nighttime paving requirements. The Contractor shall provide adequate lighting during any
nighttime construction. A lighting plan shall be submitted by the Contractor and approved by the RPR
prior to the start of any nighttime work. All work shall be in accordance with the approved CSPP and
lighting plan.
401-5.1 General. The Contractor shall develop a Contractor Quality Control Program (CQCP) in
accordance with Item C-100. No partial payment will be made for materials without an approved CQCP.
401-5.2 Contractor quality control (QC) facilities. The Contractor shall provide or contract for testing
facilities in accordance with Item C-100. The RPR shall be permitted unrestricted access to inspect the
Contractor’s QC facilities and witness QC activities. The RPR will advise the Contractor in writing of any
noted deficiencies concerning the QC facility, equipment, supplies, or testing personnel and procedures.
When the deficiencies are serious enough to be adversely affecting the test results, the incorporation of the
materials into the work shall be suspended immediately and will not be permitted to resume until the
deficiencies are satisfactorily corrected.
401-5.3 Contractor QC testing. The Contractor shall perform all QC tests necessary to control the
production and construction processes applicable to these specifications [ and as set forth in the approved
CQCP. The testing program shall include, but not necessarily be limited to, tests for the control of asphalt
content, aggregate gradation, temperatures, aggregate moisture, field compaction, and surface smoothness.
A QC Testing Plan shall be developed as part of the CQCP.
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-12 Technical Specs
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a. Asphalt content. A minimum of two tests shall be performed per day in accordance with ASTM
D6307 or ASTM D2172 for determination of asphalt content. When using ASTM D6307, the correction
factor shall be determined as part of the first test performed at the beginning of plant production; and as
part of every tenth test performed thereafter. The asphalt content for the day will be determined by averaging
the test results.
b. Gradation. Aggregate gradations shall be determined a minimum of twice per day from mechanical
analysis of extracted aggregate in accordance with ASTM D5444, ASTM C136, and ASTM C117.
c. Moisture content of aggregate. The moisture content of aggregate used for production shall be
determined a minimum of once per day in accordance with ASTM C566.
d. Moisture content of asphalt. The moisture content shall be determined once per day in accordance
with AASHTO T329 or ASTM D1461.
e. Temperatures. Temperatures shall be checked, at least four times per day, at necessary locations to
determine the temperatures of the dryer, the asphalt binder in the storage tank, the asphalt at the plant, and
the asphalt at the job site.
f. In-place density monitoring. The Contractor shall conduct any necessary testing to ensure that the
specified density is being achieved. A nuclear gauge may be used to monitor the pavement density in
accordance with ASTM D2950.
g. Smoothness for Contractor Quality Control.
The Contractor shall perform smoothness testing in transverse and longitudinal directions daily to
verify that the construction processes are producing pavement with variances less than ¼ inch in 12 feet,
identifying areas that may pond water which could lead to hydroplaning of aircraft. If the smoothness
criteria is not met, appropriate changes and corrections to the construction process shall be made by the
Contractor before construction continues
The Contractor may use a 12-foot “straightedge, a rolling inclinometer meeting the requirements of
ASTM E2133 or rolling external reference device that can simulate a 12-foot straightedge approved by the
RPR. Straight-edge testing shall start with one-half the length of the straightedge at the edge of pavement
section being tested and then moved ahead one-half the length of the straightedge for each successive
measurement. Testing shall be continuous across all joints. The surface irregularity shall be determined
by placing the freestanding (unleveled) straightedge on the pavement surface and allowing it to rest upon
the two highest spots covered by its length, and measuring the maximum gap between the straightedge and
the pavement surface in the area between the two high points. If the rolling inclinometer or external
reference device is used, the data may be evaluated using either the FAA profile program, ProFAA, or
FHWA ProVal, using the 12-foot straightedge simulation function.
Smoothness readings shall not be made across grade changes or cross slope transitions. The transition
between new and existing pavement shall be evaluated separately for conformance with the plans.
(1) Transverse measurements. Transverse measurements shall be taken for each day’s production
placed. Transverse measurements shall be taken perpendicular to the pavement centerline each 50 feet
(15 m) or more often as determined by the RPR. The joint between lanes shall be tested separately to
facilitate smoothness between lanes.
(2) Longitudinal measurements. Longitudinal measurements shall be taken for each day’s
production placed. Longitudinal tests shall be parallel to the centerline of paving; at the center of paving
lanes when widths of paving lanes are less than 20 feet (6 m); and at the third points of paving lanes when
widths of paving lanes are 20 ft (6 m) or greater. When placement abuts previously placed material the first
measurement shall start with one half the length of the straight edge on the previously placed material.
Deviations on the final surface course in either the transverse or longitudinal direction that will trap
water greater than 1/4 inch (6 mm) shall be corrected with diamond grinding per paragraph 401-4.16 or by
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-13 Technical Specs
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removing and replacing the surface course to full depth. Grinding shall be tapered in all directions to
provide smooth transitions to areas not requiring grinding. All areas in which diamond grinding has been
performed shall be subject to the final pavement thickness tolerances specified in paragraph 401-6.1d(3).
Areas that have been ground shall be sealed with a surface treatment in accordance with Item P-608. To
avoid the surface treatment creating any conflict with runway or taxiway markings, it may be necessary to
seal a larger area.
Control charts shall be kept to show area of each day’s placement and the percentage of corrective
grinding required. Corrections to production and placement shall be initiated when corrective grinding is
required. If the Contractor’s machines and/or methods produce significant areas that need corrective actions
in excess of 10 percent of a day’s production, production shall be stopped until corrective measures are
implemented by the Contractor.
h. Grade. Grade shall be evaluated daily to allow adjustments to paving operations when grade
measurements do not meet specifications. As a minimum, grade shall be evaluated prior to and after the
placement of the first lift and after placement of the surface lift.
Measurements will be taken at appropriate gradelines (as a minimum at center and edges of paving
lane) and longitudinal spacing as shown on cross-sections and plans. The final surface of the pavement
will not vary from the gradeline elevations and cross-sections shown on the plans by more than 1/2 inch
(12 mm) vertically and 0.1 feet laterally. The documentation will be provided by the Contractor to the
RPR [ within 24 hours ] by the end of the following working day.
Areas with humps or depressions that exceed grade or smoothness criteria and that retain water on the
surface must be ground off provided the course thickness after grinding is not more than 1/2 inch less than
the thickness specified on the plans. Grinding shall be in accordance with paragraph 401-4.16.
The Contractor shall repair low areas or areas that cannot be corrected by grinding by removal of
deficient areas to the depth of the final course plus ½ inch and replacing with new material. Skin patching
is not allowed.
401-5.4 Sampling. When directed by the RPR, the Contractor shall sample and test any material that
appears inconsistent with similar material being sampled, unless such material is voluntarily removed and
replaced or deficiencies corrected by the Contractor. All sampling shall be in accordance with standard
procedures specified.
401-5.5 Control charts. The Contractor shall maintain linear control charts for both individual
measurements and range (i.e. difference between highest and lowest measurements) for aggregate
gradation, asphalt content, and VMA. The VMA for each day will be calculated and monitored by the QC
laboratory.
Control charts shall be posted in a location satisfactory to the RPR and kept current. As a minimum, the
control charts shall identify the project number, the contract item number, the test number, each test
parameter, the Action and Suspension Limits applicable to each test parameter, and the Contractor’s test
results. The Contractor shall use the control charts as part of a process control system for identifying
potential problems and assignable causes before they occur. If the Contractor’s projected data during
production indicates a problem and the Contractor is not taking satisfactory corrective action, the RPR may
suspend production or acceptance of the material.
a. Individual measurements. Control charts for individual measurements shall be established to
maintain process control within tolerance for aggregate gradation, asphalt content, and VMA. The control
charts shall use the job mix formula target values as indicators of central tendency for the following test
parameters with associated Action and Suspension Limits:
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Control Chart Limits for Individual Measurements
Sieve Action Limit Suspension Limit
3/4 inch ±6% ±9%
1/2 inch ±6% ±9%
3/8 inch ±6% ±9%
No. 4 ±6% ±9%
No. 16 ±5% ±7.5%
No. 50 ±3% ±4.5%
No. 200 ±2% ±3%
Asphalt Content ±0.45% ±0.70%
Minimum VMA -0.5% -1.0%
b. Range. Control charts shall be established to control gradation process variability. The range shall
be plotted as the difference between the two test results for each control parameter. The Suspension Limits
specified below are based on a sample size of n = 2. Should the Contractor elect to perform more than two
tests per lot, the Suspension Limits shall be adjusted by multiplying the Suspension Limit by 1.18 for n =
3 and by 1.27 for n = 4.
Control Chart Limits Based on Range
Sieve Suspension Limit
1/2 inch 11%
3/8 inch 11%
No. 4 11%
No. 16 9%
No. 50 6%
No. 200 3.5%
Asphalt Content 0.8%
c. Corrective Action. The CQCP shall indicate that appropriate action shall be taken when the process is
believed to be out of tolerance. The Plan shall contain rules to gauge when a process is out of control and
detail what action will be taken to bring the process into control. As a minimum, a process shall be deemed
out of control and production stopped and corrective action taken, if:
(1) One point falls outside the Suspension Limit line for individual measurements or range; or
(2) Two points in a row fall outside the Action Limit line for individual measurements.
401-5.6 QC reports. The Contractor shall maintain records and shall submit reports of QC activities daily
in accordance with Item C-100.
MATERIAL ACCEPTANCE
401-6.1 Acceptance sampling and testing. Unless otherwise specified, all acceptance sampling and testing
necessary to determine conformance with the requirements specified in this section will be performed by
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the RPR at no cost to the Contractor except that coring as required in this section shall be completed and
paid for by the Contractor.
a. Quality assurance (QA) testing laboratory. The QA testing laboratory performing these
acceptance tests will be accredited in accordance with ASTM D3666. The QA laboratory accreditation will
be current and listed on the accrediting authority’s website. All test methods required for acceptance
sampling and testing will be listed on the lab accreditation.
b. Lot size. A standard lot will be equal to one day’s production divided into approximately equal
sublots of between 400 to 600 tons. When only one or two sublots are produced in a day’s production, the
sublots will be combined with the production lot from the previous or next day.
Where more than one plant is simultaneously producing asphalt for the job, the lot sizes will apply
separately for each plant.
c. Asphalt air voids. Plant-produced asphalt will be tested for air voids on a sublot basis.
(1) Sampling. Material from each sublot shall be sampled in accordance with ASTM D3665.
Samples shall be taken from material deposited into trucks at the plant or at the job site in accordance with
ASTM D979. The sample of asphalt may be put in a covered metal tin and placed in an oven for not less
than 30 minutes nor more than 60 minutes to maintain the material at or above the compaction temperature
as specified in the JMF. If absorptive aggregates are used, as determined by the Engineer, hold times are to
be increased to not less than 60 minutes and not more than 90 minutes.
(2) Testing. Air voids will be determined for each sublot in accordance with ASTM D3203 for a
set of three compacted specimens prepared in accordance with [ ASTM D6926 ] ASTM D6925.
d. In-place asphalt mat and joint density. Each sublot will be tested for in-place mat and joint density
as a percentage of the theoretical maximum density (TMD).
(1) Sampling. The Contractor [ RPR ] will cut minimum 5 inch (125 mm) diameter samples in
accordance with ASTM D5361. The Contractor shall furnish all tools, labor, and materials for cleaning,
and filling the cored pavement. Laitance produced by the coring operation shall be removed immediately
after coring, and core holes shall be filled within one day after sampling in a manner acceptable to the RPR.
(2) Bond. Each lift of asphalt shall be bonded to the underlying layer. If cores reveal that the
surface is not bonded, additional cores shall be taken as directed by the RPR to determine the extent of
unbonded areas. Unbonded areas shall be removed by milling and replaced at no additional cost as
directed by the RPR.
(3) Thickness. Thickness of each lift of surface course will be evaluated by the RPR for
compliance to the requirements shown on the plans after any necessary corrections for grade.
Measurements of thickness will be made using the cores extracted for each sublot for density
measurement. The maximum allowable deficiency at any point will not be more than 1/4 inch (6 mm) less
than the thickness indicated for the lift. Average thickness of lift, or combined lifts, will not be less than
the indicated thickness. Where the thickness tolerances are not met, the lot or sublot shall be corrected by
the Contractor at his expense by removing the deficient area and replacing with new pavement. The
Contractor, at his expense, may take additional cores as approved by the RPR to circumscribe the
deficient area.
(4) Mat density. One core shall be taken from each sublot. Core locations will be determined by
the RPR in accordance with ASTM D3665. Cores for mat density shall not be taken closer than one foot
(30 cm) from a transverse or longitudinal joint. The bulk specific gravity of each cored sample will be
determined in accordance with ASTM D2726. The percent compaction (density) of each sample will be
determined by dividing the bulk specific gravity of each sublot sample by the TMD for that sublot.
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-16 Technical Specs
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(5) Joint density. One core centered over the longitudinal joint shall be taken for each sublot that
has a longitudinal joint. Core locations will be determined by the RPR in accordance with ASTM D3665.
The bulk specific gravity of each core sample will be determined in accordance with ASTM D2726. The
percent compaction (density) of each sample will be determined by dividing the bulk specific gravity of
each joint density sample by the average TMD for the lot. The TMD used to determine the joint density at
joints formed between lots will be the lower of the average TMD values from the adjacent lots.
401-6.2 Acceptance criteria.
a. General. Acceptance will be based on the implementation of the Contractor Quality Control
Program (CQCP) and the following characteristics of the asphalt and completed pavements: air voids,
mat density, joint density, grade and Profilograph roughness.
b. Air Voids and Mat density. Acceptance of each lot of plant produced material for mat density
and air voids will be based on the percentage of material within specification limits (PWL). If the PWL of
the lot equals or exceeds 90%, the lot will be acceptable. Acceptance and payment will be determined in
accordance with paragraph 401-8.1.
c. Joint density. Acceptance of each lot of plant produced asphalt for joint density will be based on
the PWL. If the PWL of the lot is equal to or exceeds 90%, the lot will be considered acceptable. If the
PWL is less than 90%, the Contractor shall evaluate the reason and act accordingly. If the PWL is less than
80%, the Contractor shall cease operations and until the reason for poor compaction has been determined.
If the PWL is less than 71%, the pay factor for the lot used to complete the joint will be reduced by five (5)
percentage points. This lot pay factor reduction will be incorporated and evaluated in accordance with
paragraph 401-8.1.
d. Grade. The final finished surface of the pavement shall be surveyed to verify that the grade
elevations and cross-sections shown on the plans do not deviate more than 1/2 inch (12 mm) vertically or
0.1 feet laterally.
Cross-sections of the pavement shall be taken at a minimum 50’ longitudinal spacing, at all longitudinal
grade breaks, and at start and end of each lane placed. Minimum cross section grade points shall include
grade at centerline, [ ± 10 feet of centerline ], and edge of [ runway ] [ taxiway ] pavement.
The survey and documentation shall be stamped and signed by a licensed surveyor. Payment for
sublots that do not meet grade for over 25% of the sublot shall not be more than 95%.
e. Profilograph roughness for QA Acceptance. The final profilograph shall be the full length of the
project to facilitate testing of roughness between lots. The Contractor, in the presence of the RPR shall RPR
will perform a profilograph roughness test on the completed project with a profilograph meeting the
requirements of ASTM E1274 or a Class I inertial profiler meeting ASTM E950. Data and results shall be
provided within 48 hrs of profilograph roughness tests.
The pavement shall have an average profile index less than 15 inches per mile per 1/10 mile. The
equipment shall utilize electronic recording and automatic computerized reduction of data to indicate “must
grind” bumps and the Profile Index for the pavement using a 0.2-inch blanking band. The bump template
must span one inch with an offset of 0.4 inches. The profilograph must be calibrated prior to use and
operated by a factory or State DOT approved, trained operator. Profilograms shall be recorded on a
longitudinal scale of one inch equals 25 feet and a vertical scale of one inch equals one inch. Profilograph
shall be performed one foot right and left of project centerline and 15 feet right and left of project centerline.
Any areas that indicate “must grind” shall be corrected with diamond grinding per paragraph 401-4.16 or
by removing and replacing full depth of surface course. as directed by the RPR. Where corrections are
necessary, a second profilograph run shall be performed to verify that the corrections produced an average
profile index of 15 inches per mile per 1/10 mile or less. [Not used].
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401-6.3 Percentage of material within specification limits (PWL). The PWL will be determined in
accordance with procedures specified in Item C-110. The specification tolerance limits (L) for lower and
(U) for upper are contained in Table 5.
Table 5. Acceptance Limits for Air Voids and Density
Test Property Pavements Specification
Tolerance Limits
L U
Air Voids Total Mix (%) 2.0 5.0
Surface Course Mat Density (%) 92.8 -
Base Course Mat Density (%) 92.0 -
Joint density (%) 90.5 --
a. Outliers. All individual tests for mat density and air voids will be checked for outliers (test criterion)
in accordance with ASTM E178, at a significance level of 5%. Outliers will be discarded, and the PWL
will be determined using the remaining test values. The criteria in Table 5 is based on production processes
which have a variability with the following standard deviations: Surface Course Mat Density (%), 1.30;
Base Course Mat Density (%), 1.55; Joint Density (%), 1.55.
The Contractor should note that (1) 90 PWL is achieved when consistently producing a surface course with
an average mat density of at least 94.5% with 1.30% or less variability, (2) 90 PWL is achieved when
consistently producing a base course with an average mat density of at least 94.0% with 1.55% or less
variability, and (3) 90 PWL is achieved when consistently producing joints with an average joint density of
at least 92.5% with 1.55% or less variability.
401-6.4 Resampling pavement for mat density.
a. General. Resampling of a lot of pavement will only be allowed for mat density, and then, only if the
Contractor requests same, in writing, within 48 hours after receiving the written test results from the RPR.
A retest will consist of all the sampling and testing procedures contained in paragraphs 401-6.1d and 401-
6.2b. Only one resampling per lot will be permitted.
(1) A redefined PWL will be calculated for the resampled lot. The number of tests used to calculate
the redefined PWL will include the initial tests made for that lot plus the retests.
(2) The cost for resampling and retesting shall be borne by the Contractor.
b. Payment for resampled lots. The redefined PWL for a resampled lot will be used to calculate the
payment for that lot in accordance with Table 6.
c. Outliers. Check for outliers in accordance with ASTM E178, at a significance level of 5%.
[ 401-6.5 Leveling course. The leveling course is the first variable
thickness lift placed to correct surface irregularities prior to
placement of subsequent courses. The leveling course shall meet the
aggregate gradation in Table 2, paragraph 401-3.3. The leveling course
shall meet the requirements of paragraph 401-3.3, 401-6.2b for air
voids, but shall not be subject to the density requirements of
paragraph 401-6.2b for mat density and 401-6.2c for joint density. The
leveling course shall be compacted with the same effort used to
achieve density of the control strip. The leveling course shall not
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-18 Technical Specs
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exceed the lift thickness associated with each gradation in Table 2,
paragraph 401-3.3. ]
METHOD OF MEASUREMENT
401-7.1 Measurement. Asphalt shall be measured by the number of tons of asphalt used in the accepted
work. Batch weights or truck scale weights will be used to determine the basis for the tonnage.
BASIS OF PAYMENT
401-8.1 Payment. Payment for a lot of asphalt meeting all acceptance criteria as specified in paragraph
401-6.2 shall be made based on results of tests for mat density and air voids. Payment for acceptable lots
shall be adjusted according to paragraph 401-8.1c format density and air voids; and paragraph 401-6.2c for
joint density, subject to the limitation that:
a. The total project payment for plant mix asphalt pavement shall not exceed 100 percent of the product
of the contract unit price and the total number of tons (kg) of asphalt used in the accepted work.
b. The price shall be compensation for furnishing all materials, for all preparation, mixing, and placing
of these materials, and for all labor, equipment, tools, and incidentals necessary to complete the item.
c. Basis of adjusted payment. The pay factor for each individual lot shall be calculated in accordance
with Table 6. A pay factor shall be calculated for both mat density and air voids. The lot pay factor shall be
the higher of the two values when calculations for both mat density and air voids are 100% or higher. The
lot pay factor shall be the product of the two values when only one of the calculations for either mat density
or air voids is 100% or higher. The lot pay factor shall be the lower of the two values when calculations for
both mat density and air voids are less than 100%. If PWL for joint density is less than 71% then the lot
pay factor shall be reduced by 5% but be no higher than 95%.
For each lot accepted, the adjusted contract unit price shall be the product of the lot pay factor for the
lot and the contract unit price. Payment shall be subject to the total project payment limitation specified in
paragraph 401-8.1a. Payment in excess of 100% for accepted lots of asphalt shall be used to offset payment
for accepted lots of asphalt pavement that achieve a lot pay factor less than 100%.
Payment for sublots which do not meet grade in accordance with paragraph 401-6.2d after correction
for over 25% of the sublot shall be reduced by 5%.
Table 6. Price adjustment schedule1
Percentage of material within specification limits
(PWL)
Lot pay factor (percent of contract unit
price)
96 – 100 106
90 – 95 PWL + 10
75 – 89 0.5 PWL + 55
55 – 74 1.4 PWL – 12
Below 55 Reject 2
1 Although it is theoretically possible to achieve a pay factor of 106% for each lot, actual payment above 100%
shall be subject to the total project payment limitation specified in paragraph 401-8.1a.
2 The lot shall be removed and replaced. However, the RPR may decide to allow the rejected lot to remain. In that
case, if the RPR and Contractor agree in writing that the lot shall not be removed, it shall be paid for at 50% of
the contract unit price and the total project payment shall be reduced by the amount withheld for the rejected lot.
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-19 Technical Specs
at Sebastian Municipal Airport Asphalt Mix Pavement
d. Profilograph Roughness. The Contractor will receive full payment when the profilograph average
profile index is in accordance with paragraph 401-6.2e. When the final average profile index for the
entire length of pavement does not exceed 15 inches per mile per 1/10 mile, payment will be made at the
contract unit price for the completed pavement. [Not used].
401-8.1 Payment.
Payment will be made under:
Item P-401-8.1 Asphalt Surface Course - per ton
REFERENCES
The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications
are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.
ASTM International (ASTM)
ASTM C29 Standard Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”) and Voids in
Aggregate
ASTM C88 Standard Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use of Sodium
Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate
ASTM C117 Standard Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-μm (No. 200) Sieve in
Mineral Aggregates by Washing
ASTM C127 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity)
and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
ASTM C131 Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size
Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine
ASTM C136 Standard Test Method for Sieve or Screen Analysis of Fine and Coarse
Aggregates
ASTM C142 Standard Test Method for Clay Lumps and Friable Particles in
Aggregates
ASTM C566 Standard Test Method for Total Evaporable Moisture Content of
Aggregate by Drying
ASTM D75 Standard Practice for Sampling Aggregates
ASTM D242 Standard Specification for Mineral Filler for Bituminous Paving
Mixtures
ASTM D946 Standard Specification for Penetration-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use
in Pavement Construction
ASTM D979 Standard Practice for Sampling Asphalt Paving Mixtures
ASTM D1073 Standard Specification for Fine Aggregate for Asphalt Paving Mixtures
ASTM D1188 Standard Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of
Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Coated Samples
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-20 Technical Specs
at Sebastian Municipal Airport Asphalt Mix Pavement
ASTM D2172 Standard Test Method for Quantitative Extraction of Bitumen from
Asphalt Paving Mixtures
ASTM D1461 Standard Test Method for Moisture or Volatile Distillates in Asphalt
Paving Mixtures
ASTM D2041 Standard Test Method for Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity and
Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures
ASTM D2419 Standard Test Method for Sand Equivalent Value of Soils and Fine
Aggregate
ASTM D2489 Standard Practice for Estimating Degree of Particle Coating of
Bituminous-Aggregate Mixtures
ASTM D2726 Standard Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of Non-
Absorptive Compacted Bituminous Mixtures
ASTM D2950 Standard Test Method for Density of Bituminous Concrete in Place by
Nuclear Methods
ASTM D3203 Standard Test Method for Percent Air Voids in Compacted Dense and
Open Bituminous Paving Mixtures
ASTM D3381 Standard Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cement for Use in
Pavement Construction
ASTM D3665 Standard Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Materials
ASTM D3666 Standard Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing
and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
ASTM D4318 Standard Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity
Index of Soils
ASTM D4552 Standard Practice for Classifying Hot-Mix Recycling Agents
ASTM D4791 Standard Test Method for Flat Particles, Elongated Particles, or Flat and
Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregate
ASTM D4867 Standard Test Method for Effect of Moisture on Asphalt Concrete Paving
Mixtures
ASTM D5361 Standard Practice for Sampling Compacted Asphalt Mixtures for
Laboratory Testing
ASTM D5444 Standard Test Method for Mechanical Size Analysis of Extracted
Aggregate
ASTM D5821 Standard Test Method for Determining the Percentage of Fractured
Particles in Coarse Aggregate
ASTM D6084 Standard Test Method for Elastic Recovery of Bituminous Materials by
Ductilometer
ASTM D6307 Standard Test Method for Asphalt Content of Hot Mix Asphalt by
Ignition Method
ASTM D6373 Standard Specification for Performance Graded Asphalt Binder
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-21 Technical Specs
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ASTM D6752 Standard Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of
Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Automatic Vacuum Sealing
Method
ASTM D6925 Standard Test Method for Preparation and Determination of the Relative
Density of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Specimens by Means of the
SuperPave Gyratory Compactor.
ASTM D6926 Standard Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Specimens Using
Marshall Apparatus
ASTM D6927 Standard Test Method for Marshall Stability and Flow of Bituminous
Mixtures
ASTM D6995 Standard Test Method for Determining Field VMA based on the
Maximum Specific Gravity of the Mix (Gmm)
ASTM E11 Standard Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
ASTM E178 Standard Practice for Dealing with Outlying Observations
ASTM E1274 Standard Test Method for Measuring Pavement Roughness Using a
Profilograph
ASTM E950 Standard Test Method for Measuring the Longitudinal Profile of
Traveled Surfaces with an Accelerometer Established Inertial Profiling
Reference
ASTM E2133 Standard Test Method for Using a Rolling Inclinometer to Measure
Longitudinal and Transverse Profiles of a Traveled Surface
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO)
AASHTO M156 Standard Specification for Requirements for Mixing Plants for Hot-
Mixed, Hot-Laid Bituminous Paving Mixtures.
AASHTO T329 Standard Method of Test for Moisture Content of Hot Mix Asphalt
(HMA) by Oven Method
AASHTO T324 Standard Method of Test for Hamburg Wheel-Track Testing of
Compacted Asphalt Mixtures
AASHTO T 340 Standard Method of Test for Determining the Rutting Susceptibility of
Hot Mix Asphalt (APA) Using the Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA)
Asphalt Institute (AI)
Asphalt Institute Handbook MS-26, Asphalt Binder
Asphalt Institute MS-2 Mix Design Manual, 7th Edition
AI State Binder Specification Database
Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
Long Term Pavement Performance Binder Program
Advisory Circulars (AC)
AC 150/5320-6 Airport Pavement Design and Evaluation
Rehabilitation of Alpha Aprons P-401-22 Technical Specs
at Sebastian Municipal Airport Asphalt Mix Pavement
FAA Orders
5300.1 Modifications to Agency Airport Design, Construction, and Equipment
Standards
Software
FAARFIELD
END OF ITEM P-401