HomeMy WebLinkAbout11122008attachment - IRL Initiative 2010 DRAFTIndian River Lagoon
State Funding Initiative
Fiscal Year 2009-2010
St. Johns River Water Management District
Palatka, Florida
2008
Indian R fiver Lagoon, State Fu n ding In itiative
Contents
Introduction-The District .................................................................................................
Introduction-The Indian River Lagoon ............................................................................
Capital Subprojects ..........................................................................................................
Assessment Subprojects ..................................................................................................
Draft, saaizoos
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Indian R fiver Lagoon, State Fu n ding In itiative
Indian River Lagoon
Fiscal Year 2009-2010
Introduction-The District
Water is Florida's most important natural The District has established partnerships
resource and is central to our quality of life. with many federal agencies over the years.
The mission of the St. Johns River Water The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Management District is to ensure the has provided funds for the National Estuary
sustainable use and protection ofwater Program and the Nonpoint Source
resources for the benefit ofthe people of the
District and the state of Florida.
Within the District boundaries are the
longest river in the state, the St. Johns; more
than one-third of the state's 7,7001akes,
including the second largest lake, Lake
George; and the Indian River Lagoon, one
of four Florida estuaries in the National
Estuary Program.
The rapid growth of Florida's population
has increased efforts on water resource
developmentand restoration. Partnerships
with other governmental agencies,
organizations, and the public are a key
element to successful implementation of
projects aimed atprotecting and restoring
our water resources. The District recognizes
the benefits of working cooperatively with
others and that many projects require input
and resources from numerous
Management Program. TheU.S. Army
Corps of Engineers has provided technical
expertise and funding through several
different programs. Hydrologic data
collection and scientific analysis have
progressed in cooperation with the U.S.
Geological Survey.
The District has formed a partnership with
the U.S. Department of Agriculture under
the Wetlands Reserve Program, the
Farmland Protection Program, the Rural
Utilities Service, and the Environmental
Quality Incentives Program. In addition, the
U.S. Department of Commerce has
provided funding for economically
disadvantaged communities in the District
for public works projects, including water
and sewer infrastructure related to
designated Surface Water Improvement and
Management areas.
organizations.
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Indian R fiver Lagoon, State Fu n ding In itiative
Insert districtwide map
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Indian R fiver Lagoon, State Fu n ding In itiative
Introduction-The Indian River Lagoon
The Indian River Lagoon (IRL) is the most
diverse estuary in North America,
supporting more than 4,300 species of
plants and animals. The lagoon stretches
156 miles and includes parts of Volusia,
Brevard, and Indian River counties in the
St. Johns River Water Management District
(SJRWMD) and parts of St. Lucie, Martin,
and Palm Beach counties in the South
Florida Water Management District
(SFWMD). The IRL watershed makes up
40% of Florida's east coast, encompassing
approximately 1,380 square miles.
IRL fisheries account for ~0% of Florida's
east coast recreational catch total and
20%ofFlorida's clam harvest Healthy
seagrass beds, which are found where the
water quality and the water clarity are
good, are importantfor sustaining this
biological productivity and diversity. The
economic impact of the IRL is estimated at
more than $3.7 billion annually from
recreational use, commercial fishing, and
increased land value
The IRL is a designated priority water body
under the 1987 Surface Water hnprovement
and Management (SWIM) Act and an
Estuary of National Significance under
Section 320 ofthe federal Water Quality Act
of 1987.
Historical Overview
Beginning in the early 1900x, 572,000 acres
within the IRLwatershed were ditched and
drained for agriculture and cattle
production. Over the course of the century,
this area was expanded by the diversion of
agricultural runoff and floodwaters from
the Upper St. Johns River Basin and Lake
Okeechobee to the IRL. The current
watershed is more than 1,400,000 acres,
which is 2.5 times the original drainage
area. As a result, the increase offreshwater
has dramatically altered the balance of the
lagoon's saltwater system. The District's C-1
rediversion subproject in southern Brevard
County will help to reduce much of this
freshwater discharge by returning it to the
Upper St. Johns River Basin, where it
historically flowed.
Domesticwastewater has historically been a
source ofpollution for the IRL. Discharge
from wastewater treatmentplants has been
substantially reduced as a result of the 1990
IRL No Discharge Act. However, in the
northern and central portions of the IRL,
more than one-third of the population has
septic tanks, which continues to be a cause
of concern. Potential problem areas have
been identified under the SWIM program.
In the early 1970x, 75%ofthe lagoon's salt
marshes were impounded by dikes that
were built to separate 40,400 acres from the
lagoon to control mosquito breeding. As a
result, juvenile fish nursery grounds were
severely impacted. Restoration of these
impounded wetlands is one of the goals of
the IRL SWIM program and the National
Estuary Program's Comprehensive
Conservation and Management Plan
(CCMP).
Citizen Involvement
Many citizen advocacy groups have been
involved since IRL restoration efforts began
in the 1980x. Groups, such as the Marine
Resources Council; the Friends of Sebastian
River and Turkey Creek, for SJRWMD; the
St. Lucie River Initiative, the Audubon
Society, and the St. Lucie River Issues Team,
for SFWMD, have contributed support in
project implementation activities. The IRL
Advisory Board-a coordinating entity for
federal, state, regional, and local restoration
activities-also has promoted restoration
and project implementation through
guidance and management activities.
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Indian R fiver Lagoon, State Fu n ding In itiative
Key Efforts
• Reconnected more than 24,761 of
impounded saltmarshes to the IRL,by
installing culverts and riser board
structures and restored 110 acres of
dragline-impacted wetlands, 32 acres of
which have been returned to natural
saltmarsh elevation. In addition, over 90
acres of additional impounded wetlands
also have been restored and returned to
the natural saltmarsh elevation via the
removal of the surrounding
impoundment dike.
• Implemented more than 260 water
quality-directed, stormwater
improvement subprojects, cost-sharing
with local governments
• Continued implementation of the C-1
rediversion subproject
• Continued implementation of the
lagoonwide COMP
• Completed environmentalmuck
dredging in Turkey Creek, St. Sebastian
River and Crane Creek
• Developed pollutant load reduction
goals for the St. Sebastian River, Turkey
Creek, Crane Creek, and the Banana
River Lagoon and began working with
the Florida Department of
Environmental Protection (FDEP) and
local governments to address newly
issued TMDL allocations
• Updated the IRL SWIM and IRL CCMP
plans, and the IRL Economic Assessment
and Analysis
• Formed the Indian River Lagoon Bio-
Toxin Task Force to investigate
occurrences of toxic algal blooms and
increases in wildlife diseases
• Renewed efforts for citizen involvement
and public outreach to enhance the
public's understanding of IRL issues and
restoration efforts
• Continued to support oyster reef
restoration in the Mosquito Lagoon and
researched and tracked newly
discovered nonnative, invasive bivalve
mussels
Indian River Lagoon Basin Partners
Through the IRL Advisory Board, SJRWMD
has formed cooperative partnerships with
federal, state, regional, county, and city
governments; citizen support groups;
environmental organizations; and other
nonprofit institutions. The list ofpartners
includes the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA); the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers (USAGE); the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service; the U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Natural Resources
Conservation Service; Canaveral National
Seashore; FDEP; SFWMD; the Florida Fish
and Wildlife Conservation Commission; the
Florida Inland Navigation District; the
National Aeronautic and Space
Administration (NASA); The Nature
Conservancy; Brevard, Indian River,
St. Lucie, Martin, and Volusia counties;
Cape Canaveral; Cocoa; Cocoa Beach;
Edgewater; Fellsm ere; Ind ialantic; Indian
Harbour Beach; Indian River Shores;
Malabar; Melbourne; Melbourne Beach;
Melbourne Village; New Smyrna Beach;
Oak Hill; Palm Bay; Palm Shores;
Rockledge; Satellite Beach; Sebastian;
Titusville; Vero Beach; Sebastian, and
Indian River Farms water control districts;
the Environmental Learning Center; and the
Marine Resources Council, which
coordinates the nation's second largest
volunteer estuarine citizen water quality
monitoring netw ork.
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Indian R fiver Lagoon, State Fu n ding In itiative
SJRWMD Governing Board Major
Initiatives
For the Indian River Lagoon Basin, the goal
is to attain and maintain the water and
sediment quality needed to support a
macrophyte-based (seagrass) system,
endangered and threatened species,
fisheries, and recreation. In working toward
this goal, the SJRWMD Governing Board
has established the following priorities.
• Design and construct the Canal 1 (C-1)
rediversion
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• Assist FDEP and EPA with the
development oftotal maximum daily
loads for the basin and development of
Basin Management Action Plans to
achieve the TMDLs.
• Provide cooperative funding to local
government storm w ater projects
• Implement wetland restoration
Total for This Basin
Funding package total
(FY 2009-2010): $
5
Indian R fiver Lagoon, State Fu n ding In itiative
Insert project m ap
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Indian R fiver Lagoon, State Fu n ding In itiative
Capital Subprojects
Fellsmere Water Management Area
Prim-ity Rating:
Budget Request: $
Partner: U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Natural Resources Conservation Service
Core Missions: Water quality/ surface
water resource protection, flood protection
I+~nding Administration: SJRWMD
Description: The requested funding will be
used to complete construction of phase 1 of
the Fellsmere Water Management Area
(FWMA). This phase will include the
eastern project levee for the northern 6,020
acres of the 10,000-acre impoundment along
with the removal of citrus trees and
regrading of planting furrows. The FWMA
will provide improved water quality in the
upper St. Johns River as well as provide
treatmentfor agricultural runoff and
significant stormwater storage for extreme
storm events while reducing the occurrence
offreshwater releases through Canal 54
(C-54) to the Indian River Lagoon (IRL)
estuary. Model results indicate that that the
10,000 acres FWMA willvirtually eliminate
freshwater discharges through C-54 to the
IRL. hnproved water quality entering the
upper St. Johns River will help meet the
total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) and
reduce the use of groundwater withdrawals
for irrigation. In Addition, this subproject
will provide low flow augmentation in
support of the water resource development
project-Taylor Creek Reservoir.
C-1 Rediversion-Turkey Creek Basin
Priority Rating:
Budget Request: $
Partners: Melbourne-Tillman Water Control
District and City of Palm Bay
Core Missions: Water quality/ surface
water resource protection, flood protection
Finding Administration: SJRWMD
Description: The requested funding will be
used to complete the construction of the
Canal 1 (C-1) rediversion subproject. This
subproject includes construction of the
southwestMelbourne-Tillman Water
Control District (WCD) pump station and
related channel improvements in the C-1
and C-1 retention area. The subproject,
when completed, will remove a substantial
amount of the excessivefreshwater and
nutrients that have plagued the central IRL,
particularly its seagrass resources, for more
than 50 years.
The C-1 rediversion subproject is the major
regional surface w ater construction and
management activity in the Turkey Creek
subbasin ofthe IRL. C-1 is the primary
interbasin diversion canal maintained by
the Melbourne-Tillman WCD. That agency
is cooperating with SJRWMD to construct
and operate a system to redivert a majority
of the C-1 drainage and pollutantload from
Turkey Creek and the IRL to the Upper
St. Johns River Basin.
SJRWMD is the lead organization for the
construction of stormwater pump stations.
The USACEhas completed the construction
of 25 miles of the L-74N (levee). This levee
will protect the western part of the
Melbourne-Tillman WCD from high flood
elevations in the St. Johns River. SJRWMD
has completed the construction of the
Saw grass Lake Water Management Area, a
restored wetland, for the purpose of
stormwater treatment and is initiating the
design of the internal improvements for the
C-1 detention and retention areas for the
rediverted drainage. These works are
essential components of the C-1 rediversion
subproject and are designed to maintain
preproject flood elevations in the WCD
while providing storage for the rediverted
drainage.
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Indian R fiver Lagoon, State Fu n ding In itiative
The rediverted drainage will be pumped
through the Saw grass Lake Water
Management Area and then incrementally
discharged to the upper St. Johns River-
the historic floodplain for this drainage
prior to 1922.
Cooperative Surface Water
Program-Sotille Canal Stormwater
Park
Priority Rating:
Budget Request: $
Partner: Brevard County
Core Missions: Water quality/ surface
water resource protection, flood protection
Funding Administration: SJRWMD
Description: The requested funding will be
used to construct a stormwater park on the
Wheeler property, along Sotille Canal. The
park will consist of a series of stormwater
facilities including a large settling pond,
two wet detention ponds, two aboveground
impoundment areas, and walking trails.
Wetland creation and enhancement are also
proposed within the stormwater park. A
weir structure will divert discharges
directly into the 31-acre settling pond.
Discharges will then either go east and enter
impoundment 1 through a pump station or
go westby gravity-flow to pond 2for
additionaltreatmentand groundwater
recharge. This cooperativeprojectwith the
Brevard County Stormwater Utility
Division will improve the quality of
discharges to the Sebastian River and the
Indian River Lagoon, relieve localized
flooding in portions of southern Brevard
County, and rehydrate the Herndon Swamp
wetland slough area.
This subproject will help to implement
future TMDLs applied to the Sebastian
River and is included within the approved
CCMP and the SWIM plan.
Rehabilitation of Coastal Wetland
Habitat
Priority Rating:
Budget Request: $
Partners: Brevard, Indian River, and
Volusia mosquito control districts; U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service; and Canaveral
National Seashore
Cure Mission: Surface water resource
protection
Funding Administration: SJRWMD
Description: The requested funding will be
used to continue implementation of various
coastal wetland restoration techniques,
particularly around the southern end of the
Mosquito Lagoon and the northern portion
of the Indian River and Banana River
lagoons. These techniques include simple
reconnection of impounded marshes to IRL
surface waters by the placement of culverts
in mosquito control dikes, total breaching of
the dikes where mosquito control is not an
issue, and attempting to restore productive
wetland elevations in dragline-disturbed
marshes. The benefit of these types of
restoration is nearly 25:1 in terms of
fisheries value alone. More than 9,600 acres
of impounded marshes require
reconnection or breaching in the coming
years to meet the SWIM plan and National
Estuary Program target of 33,000 acres to be
reconnected in the SJRWMD portion of the
IRL.
Local partners will provide the necessary
funding match.
These subprojects are included in the
approved CCMP and the SWIM plan
Cooperative Surface Water
Program-Sebastian River Water
Control District
Priority Rating:
Budget Request: $
Pa~•tner: Sebastian River WCD
Cm~e Mission: Water quality/ surface water
resource protection
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Indian R fiver Lagoon, State Fu n ding In itiative
Funding Administration: SJRWMD
Description: The requested funding will be
used to continue funding for the
construction of erosion control and
sediment control best management
practices (BMPs) in the Sebastian River
WCD. Geotechnical and topographic
surveying data and final engineering design
plans have been completed for the Sebastian
River WCD to replace the two radial
(bottom-opening) gate structures
discharging to the Sebastian River.
SJRWMD, Indian River County, and the
Sebastian River WCD are working to
identify BMPs and restoration techniques in
the drainage basin of the Sebastian River.
This subproject is included within the
approved CCMP and the SWIM plan.
The local partner does not have the financial
resources to provide a match to this SWIM
subproject.
Local Government Cooperative
Stormwater Programs-Priority
Basins
Priority Rating:
Budget Request: $
Partners: Volusia, Brevard, and Indian
River counties and incorporated
municipalities
Core Mission: Water quality/ surface water
resource protection
Funding Administration: SJRWMD
Description: The requested funding will be
used for construction of drainage and water
quality treatment systems specified in the
cooperative master stormwater plans
developed jointly by SJRWMD and the local
governments. Some of the local governments
and their associated subbasins are
Melbourne and the Crane Creek to control
recurring sedimentation in the creek and to
remove accumulated sediments at identified
locations; Volusia County and the cities of
New Smyrna Beach, Edgewater, and Oak
Hill (Mosquito Lagoon); Brevard County and
the cities of Titusville (north Indian River
Lagoon), Rockledge, and Cocoa (central
Indian River Lagoon); the cities of Cocoa
Beach, Satellite Beach (south Banana River
Lagoon), and Palm Bay (Turkey Creek); and
Indian River County and the cities of
Fellsmere, Sebastian, and Vero Beach. These
local partners will provide the necessary
funding match. Post-subproject benefit
assessments ofwater quality subprojects are
conducted as subprojects are completed.
These subprojects will help to implement
future TMDLs applied to the central IRL and
are included within the approved CCMP and
the SWIM plan.
Eau Gallie River and Elbow Creek
Muck Removal (Phase 1)
Priority Rating:
Budget Request: $
Partner: City of Melbourne
Core Mission: Water quality/ surface water
resource protection
Funding Administration: SJRWMD
Description: Part of the requested funding
will be used to complete all geotechnical
engineering design and permitting required
to remove accumulated muck sediments
from the Eau Gallie River and Elbow Creek,
which are tributaries of the IRL.
The requested funding will also be used to
identify an appropriate spoil deposition
area and to investigate advanced
dew atering techniques needed to meet the
projected limited-volume capacity of a
selected material containment area.
The need for dredging activities is
necessitated by decades ofsediment
deposition in the river resulting from local
development and residential runoff. This
deposition has severely reduced the
environmental productivity of the river and
has negatively impacted the IRL. This
dredging will provide immediate
improvements in water quality and in the
ecology of the IRL and Eau Gallie River
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Indian R fiver Lagoon, State Fu n ding In itiative
systems. This subproject will help to
implementfuture TMDLs applied to the
Eau Gallie River.
This subproject will initiate the necessary
engineering, diagnostic, and
characterization workto obtain state and
federal permits for muck removal from the
Eau Gallie River.
Collier Creek Canal Project
Priority Rating:
Budget Request: $
Partner: City of Sebastian
Core Mission: Water quality/ surface water
resource protection
Funding Administration: City of Sebastian
Description: Collier Creek Canal is a man-
made canal system created during the early
development of the City of Sebastian. The canal
currently collects untreated storm water runoff
from the surrounding 853-acre residential
drainage basin through a series of ditches,
swales and inverted drainage pipes. When the
canal was created, bulkhead-seawalls were
installed along much of canal in residential
backyards with the intent of providing water
access to the residents of the city. Most of these
bulkheads have failed and are crumbling into the
canal, creating erosion, sedimentation and water
quality problems down stream.
The requested funding will provide support to
the City of Sebastian in their goal to proactively
meet TMDL and PLRG water quality standards
in the St. Sebastian River and Indian River
Lagoon. The city will dredge the Collier Creek
Canal of sediments and debris acculumated over
the previous 30-40 years creating additional
volume for retention of storm water and place
new bulkhead walls along the canal banks to
stabilize the canal, prevent future sedimentation
and erosion. These upgrades will provide storm
water improvements allowing additional
retention time within the canal prior to the storm
water being discharged into the South Prong of
the St. Sebastian River.
Assessment Subprojects
Assessment of Environmental Health nitrogen, and phosphorus. These PLRGs
Related to Water Clarity, seagrass provided the basis for setting TMDLs.
Recovery, PLRGs, and TMDLs Monitoring of significant water quality and
Prim~ity Rating: biological indicators of the IRL system is
Budget Request: $ important in gauging the success of
Partner: South Florida Water Management restoration activities in meeting seagrass
District restoration goals and related PLRGs and
Core Mission: Water quality/ surface water
resource protection
Funding Administration: SJRWMD
Description: The requested funding will be
used to continue critical w ork in the
collection of seagrass, light, and water
quality measurements. The subproject
includes photographing and mapping sea
grass, characterizing sediment, and
analyzing data. A predictive, mechanistic
model is complete and will continue to aid
SJRWMD in the establishment ofpollutant
load reduction goals (PLRGs). Targeted
pollutants include total suspended solids,
Draft, 8/14/2008
TMDLs. This subproject represents a
performance measure for the IRL program.
Components of this subproject are included
in the approved CCMP and the SWIM plan.
TMDL Requirement Implementation
Priority Rating:
Budget Request: $
Partners: Local governments and Florida
Department of Envitonm ental Protection
(FDEP)
Cm•e Mission: Water quality/ surface water
resource protection
Funding Administration: SJRWMD
10
Indian R fiver Lagoon, State Fu n ding In itiative
Description: The requested funding will
provide support to local governments as
they improve their retrofit programs and
master plan coverage and expand their
diagnostic and monitoring programs to
meet TMDL requirements.
Local partners will provide the necessary
funding match.
Estuary Cleanup Through
Macroalgae Harvesting Phase 1)
Prim•ity Rating:
Budget Request: $
Partners: Florida Fish & Wildlife
Conservation Commission, Algae Collection
Technology
Core Mission: Water quality/ surface water
resource protection
l+~nding Administration: SJRWMD
Description: Devlopment of an
environmentally friendly harvesting
machine that cleans saltwater estuaries of
the masses of solid macroalgae are out
competing sea grass beds and impacting
marine life, chocking navigation channels,
and decomposing into foul smelling
shoreline debris negatively impacting
adjacent properties, tourism and
recreational activities.
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Excessive algae has the potential to decrease
biological diversity and reduce the nursery
areas for several species offish by out-
competingbeneficial sea grass habitat. The
rapid growth ofmacroalgae is one of the
results of the increasing amounts of
nutrients in coastal waters and in bottom
sediments that m ay, if unchecked
eventually result in portions of the lagoon
becoming eutrophicated (creation of dead
zones similar to areas in the Gulf of
Mexico).
The project concept is based on the
hypothesis that eutrophication and its
negative effects on the lagoon will decrease
ifa portion ofthe macroalgae is removed by
harvesting allowing increased water
circulation through wind and tide
influences. Additionally, the project will
investigate the recycling of the collected
algae into bio-diesel and animal feed, that
may eventually mitigate the future cost of
clean-up (collection) activities.
Functional algae harvesters have been
successfully deployed in other shallow
coastalwaters including on Sweden's West
Coast and the Delaware Inland Bays and
Rehoboth Bay.
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